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動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ),放在所修飾的名詞或代詞后.與所修飾名詞有如下關(guān)系:

①動(dòng)賓關(guān)系:

I have a meeting to attend

注意:不定式為不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí),所修飾的名詞如果是地點(diǎn)、工具等,應(yīng)有必要的介詞,如:

He found a good house to live in.

The child has nothing to worry about.

如果不定式修飾time, place, way,可以省略介詞:

He has no place to live.

This is the best way to work out this problem.

如果不定式所修飾名詞是不定式動(dòng)作承受者,不定式可用主動(dòng)式也可用被動(dòng)式:

Have you got anything to send?

Have you got anything to be sent?

②說(shuō)明所修飾名詞的內(nèi)容:

We have made a plan to finish the work.

③被修飾名詞是不定式邏輯主語(yǔ):

He is the first to get here.

1. "Do you like the material?" "Yes, it _____ very soft."

A. is feeling B. felt C. feels D. is felt

【解析】此題正確答案為C,因?yàn)?feel 在此為連系動(dòng)詞,而連系動(dòng)詞均為不及物動(dòng)詞,不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),盡管有時(shí)其漢語(yǔ)意思有被動(dòng)意味.

2. He was angry _____ your work. He said that he _____ at all.

A. at, didn't satisfy B. to, didn't satisfy

C. at, wasn't satisfied D. to, wasn't satisfied

【解析】最佳答案為C. be angry at (about) sth 意為"對(duì)某事生氣",許多同學(xué)常按漢語(yǔ)意思將其中的介詞 at (about)

換成 to,這是錯(cuò)誤的.另外,許多同學(xué)將漢語(yǔ)的"不滿意"直譯為 not satisfy,這是是不對(duì)的,因?yàn)?satisfy在現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中只用作及物動(dòng)詞,其意不是"滿意"而是"使(人)滿意",所以其后不能沒(méi)有賓語(yǔ),除非本身是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)(或是系表結(jié)構(gòu)).

3. If you want to sell your product you must _____ it.

A. advertise B. advertise for C. advertise on D. advertise to

【解析】事實(shí)上,正確答案為A. advertise 可用作及物和不及物動(dòng)詞:用作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí),其意為"為……做廣告"、

"登廣告宣傳";用作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí),其意為"做廣告"、"登廣告",此時(shí)通常后接介詞 for,表示"做廣告征求".比較:

advertise for sth (sb) 登廣告征求或?qū)ふ夷澄锘蚰橙?(此時(shí) advertise 不及物)advertise sth 為……登廣告,登廣告宣傳……(此時(shí) advertise 是及物動(dòng)詞,其后要直接跟被宣傳的東西作賓語(yǔ))

People advertise things that they wish to sell. 人們?yōu)橐�賣的東西登廣告.

The manager wants to advertise for a new secretary. 經(jīng)理想登廣告招聘一位新秘書(shū).

再比較以下用例:

advertise jobs 登廣告招人

advertise for jobs 登廣告求職

4. "I love traveling. I hope to go with you this time." "But does your mother _____ you to go?"

A. let B. agree C. allow D. promise

【解析】最佳答案為C. 不能選A是因?yàn)?let 后用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的不定式不能帶 to;不能選B是因?yàn)閯?dòng)詞 agree

習(xí)慣上不用于 agree sb to do sth 這一句式;不能選D是因?yàn)樵?promise sb to do sth 這一句式中,to do sth 的邏輯主語(yǔ)是 promise 的主語(yǔ)而不其是賓語(yǔ),比如 He promised me to go 的意思是"他答應(yīng)我,他去",而不是"他答應(yīng)我讓我去".之所以

能選C,是因?yàn)?allow sb to do sth(允許某人做某事)與上文語(yǔ)境剛好吻合.

5. "Do your parents agree to your doing that?" "Yes, of course. In fact, they always ______ me to try something new."

A. hope B. suggest C. support D. encourage

【解析】此題的正解答案是D. 因?yàn)樵谝陨纤膫�(gè)選項(xiàng)中,只有encourage 可后接不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語(yǔ),即可

用于 encourage sb to do sth,而其余三者均不可后接不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語(yǔ),即英語(yǔ)中習(xí)慣上不說(shuō)